Introduction to Programming C

C Fundamentals
Character  set,  Identifiers  and  Keywords,  Data  Types,  Constants,  Variables  and
Arrays,  Declarations,  Operators  &  Expressions,  Library  functions,  Statements,
Symbolic Constants, Preprocessor directives

Data Input and Output
0getchar(), putchar(), scanf(), printf(), gets(), puts() functions

Control Statements
if-else, while, do-while, goto, for statements nested control structures, switch, break,
continue statements comma operator

Functions
Function  prototypes,  passing  arguments  to  a  function  by  value,  recursion  storage
classes, automatic, External, static, register variables in single file environment.

Arrays
Defining   -   processing   array,   passing   arrays   to   functions,   Introduction   to
multidimensional arrays, arrays and strings.

Pointers 
Declarations, Referencing and de-referencing, passing pointers to functions, pointer
to array, Operations on File using pointers. 

Concept of Dynamic Allocation of Memory, Linked List.
Structures and Unions , Defining and processing a structure


  

Digital Computer Fundamentals

Introduction  to  8085  microprocessor:  -  Organization  of  Microprocessor  based
system,  8085  µp  Architecture,  Concept  of  Address  line  and  Memory  interfacing,
Address  Decoding  and  Memory  Interfacing,  8085  Programming  Model,  Instruction
Classification,  Instruction  Format,  Stack  and  Subroutines,  Developing  Basic  8085
programs.

Introduction  Modern  day  Computer  Systems:  -  Organization  and  Architecture,
Structure and function.

System Buses: - Computer Components, Computer function, PCI: - Features of PCI
bus, Why PCI bus is needed? Concept of PCI Arbitration. 
Internal Memory: - Concept of Cache Memory, Methods of Cache Mapping, Concept
and need for Cache coherency. External Memory: - RAID. 

Input / Output - I/O Modules (What are I/O modules? Why do we require them? Etc.),
Concept of Programmed I/O, Concept of Interrupt Driver I/O, DMA 

Operating  System  Support:-  Basic  Concepts,  Batch,  Multiprogramming  and  Time-
Sharing, scheduling , Scheduling, Memory Management. 

CPU  Organization  -  Register  Organization  (Classification  of  registers),  Instruction
Cycle, Instruction Pipelining. 

Concept of Parallel processing: - Multiprocessing: - Organization, Time-Shared Bus,
Multiport memory, Central Control unit, Multi processors.

Introduction to Digital Electronics

Number Systems and Codes:- Binary, Decimal , Octal, Hexadecimal and their inter-
conversions, Codes:- BCD, Excess-3, Gray code etc. 

Digital electronic signals and switches: - Concept on digital signal, logic levels, Active
high,   Active   low   signals,   Switching   Characteristic   of   Semiconductor   diode,
Transistor. 

Logic Gates: - AND, OR, NOT, NOR, NAND, EX-OR, EX-NOR operations and their
truth  table.    Boolean  algebra  and  reduction  techniques:  -  K-Maps  and  Quine  –
McClusky.

Arithmetic Operations: - Binary Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division. 2’s 

Complement  Subtraction.  Circuits:  -  Half-  Adder,  Full  Adder,  Half  Subtracter,  Full
Subtracter, 2-bit by 2-bit Multiplier , Various Code convertors. 

Multiplexers (MUX):- Working of MUX, Implementation of expression using MUX. 

Demultiplexers (DEMUX):- Implementation of expression using DEMUX, Decoder.

FLIP FLOP  s  :-  Concept  of Sequential  circuit, S-R, J-K , Preset  &  Clear,  Master  –
Slave J–K D , T Flip Flops their truth tables and excitation tables,  Conversion from
one   type   to   another   type   of   Flip   Flop.   Registers.   Logic   families   and   their
characteristics :- Characteristic of Digital ICs .

Mathematics I

Adjoint  of    a  matrix,
Inverse  of  matrix,
Solving  homogeneous  &  non-homogeneous equations,
Matrices – Linear dependence and independence of rows and  column  matrix,
derogetory  and  non-derogetory  matrices,
Eigne  values  and Eigen vectors,
Differential Equation of 1sr order 1st degree & application,
Differential Equation  of  higher  order  &  application,
Successive  differentiation,
Mean  value theorems,
Partial Differentiation,
Euler's theorem,
Extreme values of function of two variables – application.

Introduction to Information theory and applications

i)  Information  -  Definition,  Characteristics  &  Interpretation,  Data  &  its  logical  &
physical concepts 

ii)  Computers:  History  of  Computers  and  their  classification,  Basic  Organization,
Memory:  -  Primary  RAM,  ROM,  EPROM  etc.  Secondary:  -  Magnetic-Floppy  and
Hard disks. Optical: - CDROM, WORM etc. Concept of  Virtual Memory and Cache
Memory and why are the needed,  Computer Operation:- Instruction Cycle, Program
flow  of  control  with  and  without  interrupts,  Computer  Arithmetic:-  Number  systems
binary, Octal, Hexadecimal, Binary Addition, Subtraction and Multiplication, Flotation
point representation and arithmetic, Arithmetic through stacks, Computer Language:
Introduction to computer language, Definition of assembler Compiler and Interpreter, 
Basic concept of Data Base Management Systems. 

iv)  Communication:-  Concept  of  Analog  and  Digital  Signal  ,  Channel  Capacity
(Shannons  Theorem),  Transmission  Impairments  (Attenuation,  Dispersion,  etc),
Concept  of  Signal  to  Noise  ratio,  Encoding/  Decoding  (Concept  of  Parity  bit,
Hamming Code), Transmission Media (Twisted Pair, Coaxial Cables, Micro Wave ,
Optical  Fiber  and  Satellite),  A/D  and  D/A  conversion,  Definition  and  Concept  of
Modulation,  Communication  technique-  circuit  switching,  message  switching  and
packet switching - their advantages and disadvantages.

v) Networks: Type of Networks (LAN, MAN, WAN, etc), Network configuration: Basic
ISO - OSI, Protocols: - What is Protocol?, Why it is needed? ,Token ring, Internet :-
Introduction  to  Internet  terminologies  and  concept  of  WWW,  HTTP,  e-mail,  GIAS,
Search engine, Domain name etc.